液压摆式剪板机控制回路故障分析与排除

　　液压摆式剪板机是锻压行业的重要设备,能否实现预期的剪切动作是保证精度的前提。以往常规的设计主要靠经验和类比同型机器,设计的反复性大,周期长,可靠性差。该机器不仅具有普通剪板机的功能，增加了侧刀，又可满足较长板料的修边剪切，在轧钢、锅炉、造船等行业具有较为广阔的应用前景。
    液(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)摆式(shi)剪板机(ji)主要由(you)(you)机(ji)架(jia)、刀架(jia)、油(you)缸、压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)料脚、对(dui)线装(zhuang)置、间隙调(diao)整装(zhuang)置、液(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及电气系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)等(deng)(deng)部分组(zu)成(cheng)。剪板机(ji)在对(dui)板料进(jin)行剪切时，液(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)设定值与刃口(kou)(kou)间隙值直接影响(xiang)切口(kou)(kou)质量。液(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是由(you)(you)插(cha)(cha)(cha)装(zhuang)结构的集成(cheng)式(shi)块(kuai)阀(fa)、电机(ji)、油(you)泵(beng)及其(qi)管路等(deng)(deng)组(zu)成(cheng)，液(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方(fang)向控(kong)制(zhi)阀(fa)、压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)控(kong)制(zhi)阀(fa)、流(liu)量控(kong)制(zhi)阀(fa)已(yi)经无法满足此(ci)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的参(can)数要求，所以采用插(cha)🐲(cha)(cha)装(zhuang)阀(fa)结构液(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。插(cha)(cha)(cha)装(zhuang)阀(fa)液(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是将(jiang)若干个插(cha)(cha)(cha)装(zhuang)元件进(jin)行不同组(zu)合，并配以相(xiang)应的先导控(kong)制(zhi)级组(zu)成(cheng)方(fang)向控(kong)制(zhi)、压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)控(kong)制(zhi)、流(liu)量控(kong)制(zhi)和复(fu)合控(kong)制(zhi)等(deng)(deng)控(kong)制(zhi)阀(fa)，此(ci)结构控(kong)制(zhi)阀(fa)具有流(liu)通(tong)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)大(da)、控(kong)制(zhi)自动化等(deng)(deng)显著优势，因此(ci)成(cheng)为高压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)大(da)流(liu)量领域的主导控(kong)制(zhi)产品(pin)。

 
　　液压摆式剪板机由于刀架安装面制造大多采用简化工艺，将刀片安装面由空间螺旋面简化成平面，从而造成在剪切过程中剪切间隙及剪切后角变化。剪切间隙变化会使剪切过程中剪切力大小发生变化，剪切质量下降；而剪切后角变化可加剧刀片与板材发生磨损甚至挤压，进而增大剪切力。因此，利用诺沙里公式计算出来的剪切力值仅作为调节剪切力大小的参考值，实际剪板过程中所需的剪切力大小都是生产现场通过不断调整辅以剪板试验得出的。
　　因此，在处(chu)理插装阀结构的液压(ya)系统(tong)故障时，需(xu)要清楚地了解系统(tong)中各(ge)个元(yuan)件的💫作用(yong)，必要时可以将其(qi)等效简化(hua)为普通液压(ya)阀，以便更直观地分析出(chu)(chu)各(ge)插装回(hui)路在♛整个液压(ya)系统(tong)中的作用(yong)，从而快速(su)准(zhun)确地将系统(tong)故障找出(chu)(chu)，及(ji)时将其(qi)排除。